The Role of Inflammation in the Advancement of Chronic Obstructive

The Role of irritation in the headway of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary malady. Presentation Chronic obstructive pneumonic malady (COPD) is the aggregate term utilized for respiratory sickness, including incessant bronchitis and emphysema. The malady grows gradually and is regularly not analyzed until it is progressed and hopeless harm is clear (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, 2011). The infection is described via wind current check and lung parenchyma.Parenchyma, related with emphysema, is the lasting extension of the air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles, joined via aviation route divider decimation, without evident fibrosis (Demirjian and Kamangar, 2011; Atsuyasu et al. , 2007). Wind stream confinement results from loss of versatile force and decreased aviation route tying. Incessant bronchitis prompts narrowing of aviation route bore, expanding aviation route opposition. Patients may show indications of either of these ailments as they every now and again happen in relationship with each other.Common manifestations are wheezing, hacking, brevity of breath on effort, creation of sputum and intermittent respiratory contaminations (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, 2011). There are a large group of triggers that intensifies indications including smoking and natural toxins, bringing about ceaseless irritation (Kazuhiro and Barnes, 2009; Manuel et al. , 2002). â€Å"Inflammation is characterized as the nearness of redness, expanding and torment, brought about by the nearness of edema liquid and the penetration of tissues by leukocytes† (Nairn and Helbert, 2002, pp15).Inflammation is a key organic reaction to kill unsafe pathogens, however there is expanding proof to propose that interminable incendiary reactions are responsible for the headway of this illness and other incessant ailments including coronary course infection, malignant growth, rheumatoid joint inflammation and various sclerosis. This audi t investigates the connection among's COPD and aggravation and the resulting impacts on the foundational frameworks and the connection with coronary illness (Mantovini et. al. , 2008; Mohr and Pelletier, 2005; Sattar et. al. , 2003; Powells et. al. , 2001; Danesh et. al. 2000; Murdoch and Finn, 2000). Strategies Search motors utilized were Google Scholar and Pub Med utilizing the watchwords COPD, irritation, sickness, apoptosis, interleukin 8, cytokines, coronary illness and COPD. Searches were limited to dates somewhere in the range of 1999 and 2012. Most of the included papers were gotten from the reference arrangements of other examination papers. COPD chance elements: COPD is emphatically connected with rehashed introduction to poisonous particles or gases and tobacco smoke has been recognized as a prime hazard factor (Fabri et. al. , 2006; Lindberg et al. , 2005; Pauwels and Rabe. 2004, Association for Respiratory Technology and Physiology, 2000). Smokers have an expanded predo minance of respiratory and lung work variations from the norm, a more prominent pace of decrease in FEV1 and a higher death rate than non-smokers (World wellbeing association, 2012). In any case, just 33% of smokers create COPD which suggests that different factors, for example, hereditary qualities and condition are included (Agusti, 2003). Presentation to air contamination brought about by warming and cooking with bio-mass powers in inadequately ventilated lodging are significant hazard factors for COPD, particularly in creating nations (Pauwels and Rabe, 2004).The most archived COPD hereditary hazard factor is the lack of Alpha - 1-antitrypsin, a polymorphic glycoprotein which offers hostile to protease assurance against the serine proteinease, neutrophil elastase (Abboud and Vimalanathan, 2008; Devereux, 2006; Siafakas and Tzortzaki, 2002; Fabbri et al. , 2006). Examination contemplates (in vitro) showed that Alpha †1 †antitrypsin likewise has calming abilities that re ach out past its enemy of protease job, including guideline of CD14 articulation (Nita, Serapinas and Janciauskiene, 2007), restraint of TNF-? ene upregulation (Subramaniyam, 2007) and hindrance of lipopolysaccharide initiation of monocytes and neutrophil movement (Janciauskiene et al. , 2004). Insufficiency of Alpha - 1-antitrypsin is related with COPD movement in the two smokers and non-smokers, albeit far more noteworthy in smokers (Bergen et al. , 2010; Fabbri et al. , 2006; Siafakas and Tzortzaki. , 2002; Foos et al. , 2002). Studies have proposed that smoking with this hereditary attitude will generously build danger of creating COPD (Kohnlein and Welte, 2008; Pauwels and Rabe, 2004; Foos et al. , 2002; Siafakas and Tzortzaki, 2002; Association forRespiratory Technology and Physiology, 2000). Pathogenesis of COPD Exposure to poisonous particles â€Å"†¦ triggers cytokine actuation to select cells, which assume an essential job in evacuating the harmful agents†¦ â₠¬  (Nairn and Helbert, 2007, pp22). A penetration of neutrophils, eosinophils and CD8+ T-lymphocytes into the aviation routes and lungs follows (Demedts et al, 2006; Mahler et al. , 2004; Sopori, 2002). High centralizations of chemokines, interleukon-8 (IL8) and tumor corruption factor-a have been found in patients with COPD which are strong activators and chemo-attractants of leukocyte subpopulations (Murdoch and Finn, 2000; Yamamoto et al. 1997). The communication of chemo-attractants with leukocytes starts a progression of composed and cell occasions, which incorporates phagocytosis, arrival of dissolvable enemy of microbials and development of responsive oxygen mixes engaged with intracellular slaughtering (Murdoch and Finn, 2000). Neutrophils and macrophages discharge elastase, animating the creation of bodily fluid to help with freeing the aviation routes of the aggravations and ensuing waste produced by the incendiary reaction (Shimizu et al. , 2000).Other procedures, for ex ample, neutrophil corruption and receptive oxygen species further add to bodily fluid hyper emission (Kim and Nadel, 2004; Mizgerd, 2002). At the point when a fiery reaction is not, at this point required protease inhibitor cells hose the reaction. Examination recommends that the restraining reaction in COPD isn't activated and constant irritation directs, speaking to a significant component in the pathogenesis of COPD (Demedts et al. , 2006; Hodge et al 2004). Hypersecretion of mucous can restrain the ciliated epithelium from shipping bodily fluid from the airways.Subsequent delays in microorganisms freedom brings about bacterial colonization, which invigorates further granulocytic enrollment to the aviation routes, heightening the fiery reaction. Incessant irritation is connected with tissue obliteration, irregularity of proteolytic and against proteolytic action, hyper emission of bodily fluid, expanded apoptotic action and oxidative pressure which add to the movement of COPD. Lo ng haul, ceaseless irritation can bring about across the board aviation route and parenchymal cell obliteration which further adds to ailment movement (Mantovini et al. 2008; Mohr and Pelletier, 2005; Sattar et al. , 2003; Sopori, 2002; Powells et al. , 2001; Danesh et al. , 2000; Murdoch and Finn, 2000). Examination recommends that macrophages express a uniquely lower measure of cost like receptors in COPD endures, bringing about a diminished acknowledgment of organisms, encouraging harming microbial colonization, which may clarify the expanded measure of respiratory contaminations in COPD victims (Schneberger, 2011; Droemann et al. 2005). Contamination starts a one-sided arrival of incendiary go betweens which may heighten the pathogenesis of the sickness (Gaschler et al. 2009, Ritter et al. , 2005; Sethi, 2000). Oxidative pressure Demedts et al, 2005 found that the alveolar macrophages of COPD victims created a lot higher switches of oxygen radicals and myeloperoxide which are si gnificant for the demolition of between cell pathogens. Oxidant/hostile to oxidant lopsidedness can bring about the inactivation of enemies of proteinases, airspace epithelial injury, expanded sequestration of neutrophils in the aspiratory microvasculature, and quality articulation of professional incendiary arbiters, all of which fuel the provocative reaction (MacNee, 2000 Drost et al. 2005). Emphysema like changes have been appear in the CT sweeps of malnourished ladies, proposing that diet affects lung tissue without smoking (Coxon et al. , 2004). Dietary supplementation at that point might be an advantageous helpful mediation in this condition, as cancer prevention agents not just ensure against the direct damaging impacts of oxidants, however in a general sense adjust the fiery occasions that have a significant influence in the pathogenesis of COPD (Coxon et al. , 2004; MacNee, 2000). Apoptosis and COPDResearch recommends that there is expanded apoptosis of epithelial cells in smokers and COPD patients. Apoptosis persevered in spite of smoking discontinuance which proposes apoptosis may have an influence in driving the provocative procedure and movement of the ailment (Hodge et al. , 2003). Expanded apoptotic alveolar epithelial and endothelial cells in the lungs not counteracted expansion and adequate phagocytic freedom brings about decimation of lung tissue and advancement of emphysema (Demedts et al, 2006; Kazutetsu, Naoko and Atsushi, 2003; Barnes et al. 000) Apoptosis can be actuated by different improvements, including oxidative pressure, elastase and penetrating cytoxix CD8 + T cells which are completely connected with irritation (Kazutetsu, Naoko and Atsushi, 2003). Efferocytosis takes into consideration the evacuation of apoptotic material with insignificant aggravation and forestalls the improvement of auxiliary corruption and progressing irritation. Disappointment of this profoundly monitored procedure may add to ailment pathogenesis by blockin g both the goals of irritation and the upkeep of alveolar respectability (Mukaro and Hodge, 2011; Taylor et al. , 2010; Morimoto et al, 2006; Vandivier et al, 2006).Proteolytic/Anti-proteolytic action Mukaro and Hodge, (2011) recommends that in COPD there is an unevenness among proteolytic and hostile to proteolytic action, an unmistakable factor in the pathogenesis of this infection, which may add to l

Indias Financial Markets

Indias Financial Markets As all the Financial Markets in India together structure the Indian Financial Markets, all the Financial Markets of Asia together structure the Asian Financial Markets; in like manner all the Financial Markets of the considerable number of nations of the world together structure the Global Financial Markets. Budgetary Markets manage exchanging (purchasing and selling) of monetary protections (stocks and securities), wares (important metals or food grains), and other replaceable and significant things at least exchange expenses and market productive costs. Budgetary Markets can be residential or universal. The Global Financial Markets fill in as a noteworthy instrument for improved liquidity. Budgetary Markets can be sorted into six kinds: Capital Markets: Stock markets and Bond markets Item Markets Currency Markets Subsidiaries Markets: Futures Markets Protection Markets Outside Exchange Markets The Financial Markets assume a significant job in the Global Economy since it causes organizations to raise capital (in capital markets), they encourage moving of hazard (in subordinate markets), and they help universal exchange (in cash markets) to thrive. The International Stock Markets structure a significant piece of the Global Financial Markets. The Amsterdam Stock Exchange is the most seasoned stock trade, which began working in consistent exchange the prior piece of the seventeenth Century. A portion of the Important Stock Exchanges of the world are: The New York Stock Exchange (converged with Euro next): The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is a stock trade situated in New York City, USA that was consolidated in 1817. As far as dollar volume, it is the biggest stock trade on the planet, and regarding the quantity of organizations recorded it is the second biggest stock trade on the planet. The NYSE is otherwise called the Big Board. The lists utilized in the NYSE are the NYSE Composite Index and the Dow Jones Industrial Average Index. The NYSE capacities under NYSE Euro next, the arrangement of which was the aftereffect of NYSEs merger with Archipelago Holdings and Euro next. Tokyo Stock Exchange: The Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE), consolidated in 1949, is situated in Tokyo, Japan. As far as fiscal volume, The Tokyo Stock Exchange is the second biggest stock trade on the planet, just close to New York Stock Exchange. The records utilized in the TSE are Nikkei 225, Topix, and J30. NASDAQ: The National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations, or NASDAQ, is an electronic financial exchange situated in New York City, USA that was fused in 1971. The NASDAQ Stock Market, Inc. is the proprietor and controller of NASDAQ. The principle list utilized in NASDAQ is the NASDAQ Composite. London Stock Exchange: Established in 1801, the London Stock Exchange (LSE) is one of the most seasoned and biggest stock trades on the planet. Regarding market capitalization, the London Stock Exchange was positioned fourth among the various significant stock trades on the planet in March 2007. The London Stock Exchange is situated in Paternoster Square close St. Pauls Cathedral, London. The financial exchange file of London Stock Exchange is the Footsie (FTSE). Euro next (converged with NYSE): Founded in 2000, Euro next N.V. is a dish European Stock Exchange, which is situated in Paris. As far as market capitalization, Euro next positions as the fifth biggest stock trade on the planet. There was a merger of Euro next with the NYSE Group, which prompted the arrangement of NYSE Euro next and it is the principal worldwide stock trade. The principle records utilized in Euro next are the Euro next 100 Index and the Next 150 Index. The Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE): Located in Mumbai, India and established in 1875, the Bombay Stock Exchange is the most seasoned stock trade of Asia. The fundamental record of BSE is known as the BSE Sensex (Sensitive Index) or the BSE 30. As far as volume of exchanges, the BSE was positioned as one of the best five stock trades on the planet in 2005. A few terms that are utilized in the Global Financial Markets are: Nerd, a Quant Dreary Geek, a Quant Quant Large Swinging Dick Scientific genius White Knight Today value examine has become a specific action, albeit bound to an exceptionally little portion of the market. It would be somewhat ahead of schedule to consider value inquire about as an autonomous business portion, and yet it must be valued that the estimation of value look into is being felt by the market. This is an intriguing stage with regards to the development and advancement of value inquire about, particularly in a circumstance where the customary individual financial specialist is reluctant to pay for imperative stock related data while the institutional speculator is now paying for examine reports. The extraordinary development of the money related markets in the course of the last quarter of a century has implied that the very character of venture has changed with ever bigger sizes of market capitalization. The rise of the Fund Manager as another worth expansion in venture related money related administrations is really a piece of the development and improvement of the institutional financial specialist. The store chiefs sole target is to guarantee most extreme returns for his customers whose cash he puts working couple with look into inputs. The reserve supervisor and his customer are an indispensable piece of the institutional venture process supported by a progressed and research driven way to deal with capital market speculation. Value examine still has some an opportunity to create as a practical plan of action, however like some other research movement it has its constraints in forming into a blasting business. Institutional speculators are happy to pay ever higher sums for top to bottom and exact research as per their necessities. A portion of the methods of value investigate are: Crucial Analysis Specialized Analysis Protections Market Analysis List Momentum Analysis Protections Momentum Analysis Protections Chart Analysis India n Financial Market India Financial market is one of the most established on the planet and is viewed as the quickest developing and best among all the business sectors of the rising economies. The historical backdrop of Indian capital markets goes back 200 years around the finish of the eighteenth century when India was under the standard of the East India Company. The money related market in India today is more evolved than numerous different areas since it was sorted out well before with the protections trades of Mumbai, Ahmadabad and Kolkata were built up as right on time as the nineteenth century. By the mid 1960s the all out number of protections trades in India rose to eight, including Mumbai, Ahmadabad and Kolkata separated from Madras, Kanpur, Delhi, Bangalore and Pune. Today there are 21 local protections trades in India notwithstanding the unified NSE (National Stock Exchange) and OTCEI (Over the Counter Exchange of India). The corporate part wasnt permitted into numerous industry portions, w hich were commanded by the state controlled open segment bringing about stagnation of the economy straight up to the mid 1990s. From there on when the Indian economy started changing and the controls started to be disassembled or backed out, the protections markets saw a whirlwind of IPOs that were propelled. This brought about numerous new organizations across various industry portions to think of more up to date items and administrations. An exceptional component of the development of the Indian economy as of late has been the pretended by its protections showcases in helping and fuelling that development with cash rose inside the economy. This was in stamped differentiation to the underlying period of development in huge numbers of the quickly developing economies of East Asia that saw colossal dosages of FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) prodding development in their underlying long stretches of market decontrol. During this stage in India a significant part of the sorted out division has been influenced by high development as the monetary markets assumed a comprehensive job in continuing budgetary asset activation. Numerous PSUs (Public Sector Undertakings) that chose to offload some portion of their value were likewise helped by the efficient protections advertise in India. The dispatch of the NSE (National Stock Exchange) and the OTCEI (Over the Counter Exchange of India) during the mid 1990s by the legislature of India was intended to introduce a simpler and increasingly straightforward type of exchanging protections. The NSE was imagined as the market for exchanging the protections of organizations from the enormous scope area and the OTCEI for those from the little scope part. While the NSE has not quite recently done well to develop and advance into the virtual spine of capital markets in India the OTCEI battled and is yet to give any indication of development and improvement. The joining of IT into the capital market foundation has been especially smooth in India due to the countrys world class IT industry. This has pushed up the operational productivity of the Indian financial exchange to worldwide measures and thus the nation has had the option to exploit its high development and pull in remote capital more than ever. Capability of India Financial Market India Financial Market helps in advancing the investment funds of the economy assisting with receiving a viable channel to transmit different budgetary strategies. The Indian money related area is very much evolved, serious, proficient and coordinated to confront all stuns. In the India budgetary market there are different sorts of money related items whose costs are controlled by the various purchasers and venders in the market. The other determinant factor of the costs of the money related items is the market powers of interest and flexibly. The different sorts of Indian markets help in the working of the wide India budgetary part. Highlights OF FINANCIAL Market in India: India Financial Indices BSE 30 Index, different part records, stock statements, Sensex outlines, bond costs, remote trade, Rupee Dollar Chart Indian Financial market news Stock News Bombay Stock Exchange, BSE Sensex 30 record, SP CNX-Nifty, organization data, issues on advertise capitalization, corporate profit stateme

The Color Psychology of Red

The Color Psychology of Red Theories Cognitive Psychology Print The Color Psychology of Red By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on January 08, 2020 More in Theories Cognitive Psychology Behavioral Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology How does the color red make you feel? Red is often described as warm, vibrant, and intense. It is often seen as an exciting and even aggressive color, but it can also evoke feelings of love and comfort. Red is often used to grab attention, particularly in advertising and traffic signage. As the fashion designer Valentino once suggested, Red has guts .... deep, strong, dramatic. A geranium red. A Goya red ... to be used like gold for furnishing a house ... for clothes, it is strong, like black or white. Adding white to red also creates pink, which has its own color psychology. Illustration by Cindy Chung, Verywell Psychology Characteristics of Red Red is a bright, warm color that evokes strong emotions.Red is associated with love, warmth, and comfort.Red is also considered an intense, or even angry, a color that creates feelings of excitement or intensity.??Consider how red is used in language: redneck, red-hot, red-handed, paint the town red, seeing red How does the color red make you feel? Check out some of the responses that our readers have shared with us over the years. While red has different symbolic meanings, individual reactions to the color red can vary widely. The following are some of the reactions to the color red that readers have shared. Red Is Energetic and Exciting In some of the responses we have received over the years, readers often suggest that red evokes strong feelings of energy and excitement. Red makes me feel energized and strong. â€" Calinda Happy, excited, strong, fun.  â€" Inez I saw an episode of Law Order: SVU last week where a lady (witness) had everything in her life red. Her apartment had red furnishings, kitchenware, art, curtains, etc... her clothes were all red, her makeup was red too. Even though the red was everywhere it somehow interested me. Im not sure why, but it stirred feelings of excitement for me.  The interesting thing is I have never had an interest in red before, but after seeing her intense red life I now want to achieve the same. Maybe not as extreme, but certainly more red in my life makes a great change in my daily moods and energy levels.  â€" Paul I have always appreciated the colour red to be a confident colour, and therefore wearing a red shirt shows confidence. For all those studying for finals, wear a red shirt to the exam. Youll ace it!  â€" Nurset Red Is Powerful Like black, red is also frequently described as a strong color that brings to mind feelings of strength and power.   Wearing red makes me feel confident.  â€" Lotarot Confidence. Power. Self-acceptance.  â€" Pat I do love red it makes me feel in charge of my life. I feel noticed by others and I receive confidence when its around me or if Im wearing it.  â€" Conycbm My favourite colour as a child has always been red. I love red because it is vibrant, loud, and it presents to me strength.  â€" Sandra Red is stabilizing. Solid and welcoming. â€" Sunny Red Can Be Fun But red is not just seen as an exciting or strong color â€" it also seems to have a fun and playful side.   I failed the Pepsi challenge back in the 80s but it is the color red that attracts me to Coke. My favorite beer has a red label. Red for me is a fun color that allows me to create an environment that might not really exist â€" just a plain compelling place that is full of excitement.  â€" Mike The color red makes me feel happy, and that is my favorite color. I love Xmas-time and Valentine’s Day because there is so much red involved.  â€" Maria Red Is Passionate and Bold Perhaps not surprisingly, red can also be seen as a romantic or passionate color. Like feelings of love, the color tends to provoke strong emotions.   Red is passion. Red means you are alive and face life full throttle with the pedal to the metal! â€" Margaret I love red in clothes and cars. Then again I wouldnt decorate in red. Too bold for me.  â€" Susan A Word From Verywell Like other colors, responses to red often depend upon past experiences and cultural influences. Some people report finding red fun and playful, while others feel it is too bold, exciting, or even sexy. Consider your own feelings for the color red and think about some of the influences or experiences that may have contributed to your reaction to this color. The Psychology of Colors

Descartes Reason Of Knowledge - 1675 Words

Descartes Reasons of Knowledge It was once said by Renà © Descartes that, â€Å"if you would be a real seeker after truth, it is necessary that at least once in your life you doubt, as far as possible, all things.† In other words, when one wants to pursue the knowledge of this world, one must be able to question possibilities before coming to a conclusion. Throughout the Meditations on First Philosophy, Descartes discusses his thoughts in a coherent manner. He strongly states that ‘true knowledge’ is gained through reasoning. On the opposing side, a philosopher known as David Hume, believes that all knowledge cannot exist without emotion. However, an individual’s feelings can distort their understandings of reality. While humans are blessed with†¦show more content†¦Human beings learn more about themselves through the use of their mind when they rationalize their thoughts. For instance, if a person drops their wallet in front of a stranger without any recollection and continues walking, there are many reactions the bystander can act out. One possibility is that the bystander will witness the act and walk away. This person gains the knowledge that they are inconsiderate, uncaring and lack empathy. Another reaction of the bystander could be to steal the wallet and quickly leave the scene. This person gains the knowledge that they are dishonest and lack moral values. The final scenario involves the bystander picking up the wallet and returning it to the rightful owner. This person gains the knowledge that they are a compassionate being, that abides by the laws of their society. Descartes stresses the importance of where knowledge is found. He emphasizes that knowledge does not rely on a person’s senses but rather applying the ability to reason their thoughts. Descartes further explains that people cannot fully rely on their senses because those senses are flawed when attempting to describe the ultimate truth. Therefore, when a person relies on their senses to describe something, it is a different answer when compared to someone else’s senses. If people follow this theory of following their senses only, then there will be no gain of discovering theShow MoreRelatedEssay on Descartes vs Locke1257 Words   |  6 PagesThe study of knowledge, or epistemology, contains theoretical methods in which information is learned. Of these methods, there are two that are most widely accepted. Rationalism and empiricism are also the most widely debated methods of knowledge. Rationalism claims that a priori processes and intuition gain knowledge. Rationalism c laims that knowledge is innate; but that it varies among humans. 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How can I as a Nurse Change the Public Health System in the USA Free Essays

The functions of the public health care system according to Deacon (2001) are: improving the health and well-being of the population; preventing disease and reducing its consequences; prolonging life; and minimizing imbalance in health. The United States government has always been persistent in addressing public health. In line with this, the government proposed a new public health reform that attempts to acquire a wider coverage of state residents by requiring them to get a health care coverage. We will write a custom essay sample on How can I as a Nurse Change the Public Health System in the USA? or any similar topic only for you Order Now According to Kaisernetwork.org (2007), the reform would have the following provisions: 1) Residents having 250% and below of poverty level would receive subsidies from the state; 2) Residents having up to 400% of poverty level would have the opportunity to remove health care premium costs that are beyond 5.5% of their compensation; and 3) Residents who retire before age 65 would be given tax credits to avert them from spending more than 10% of their insurance savings. The planned reform attempts a wider coverage so it prohibits insurers to turn down residents wishing to acquire health care coverage. However, critics contend that the health care reform would be unfair and unproductive. In addition, it would be unsustainable – politically and financially. Public servants such as myself who belong to the nursing profession concern ourselves with the community’s health. We play a critical role in improving public’s health based on their knowledge, adequacy, and accessibility as mentioned by Deacon (2001). Our knowledge as nurses is quite depended by the public since they have extensive awareness of the communities they serve and the needs of these. We as nurses are also considered to be in a position to work for the public since they are regarded legitimate individuals that promote health improvement. The adequacy of nurses also enables people to confidentially discuss issues with them since they are viewed to be part of a large population of both ill and well. Biomedicine.org (2008) asserted that the contribution of nurses, like myself,   to the health care reform will be on the calculations of the patient result quality and costs of health care. Nevertheless, nurses can help change the existing health care system by providing substantive information to the community at large, thereby educating them with the cure and prevention of certain diseases. DOH (2000) stated that nurses are responsible of health awareness activities such as immunizations, cancer screening, and helping people with diabetes and asthma live dynamically. Problems with communities can also be addressed by nurses by facilitating groups that will educate individuals with health issues such as smoking and mental illness. Above all, these public figures should be well informed in educational and organizational support to be fully trusted by local communities as health practitioners so that they may be able to embark systematic measures to change the current health care system the society is put in. Public health care reforms are made for the benefit of state residents, but some reforms are just too costly and unproductive to be appreciated by average citizens. Nevertheless, nurses play the crucial role of promoting health, preventing illness and prolonging life, no matter what health care reform the country is put in. But for nurses to help change the current health care system, they must be able to fully utilize their potentials by sharing their knowledge and experience to educate and promote health awareness; assessing the information, terminologies, and concept available to them and creating opportunities such as support groups to share new information and experiences which are accorded to them, as mentioned by GANM (2006). References Bio-Medicine.org (2008). Mnnesota registered nurses promote law to improve patient care and address health care costs. Retrieved on February 27, 2008 Deacon, S. (2001). Nursing for health: Areview of the contribution of nurses, midwives and health visitors to improving the public’s health in scotland. Retrieved on February 27, 2008 from http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2001/03/8525/File-1 Department of Health. (2000). Vital contribution made by community nurses to public health. February 27, 2008 from http://archive.nics.gov.uk/hss/001110e-hss.htm Global Alliance for Nursing and Midwifery Communities of Practice. (2006). Wrking together for health knowledge exchange. Retrieved on February 27, 2008 from my.ibpinitiative.org/public/Default.aspx?c=1325c561-2b21-449e-880e-6623a1214707 Kaisernetwork.org. (December 17, 2007). State wtch  California Gov. Schwarzenegger, state assembly speaker reach compromise on health system overhaul. Retrieved on February 27, 2008 from http://www.kaisernetwork.org/daily_reports/rep_index.cfm?hint=3DR_ID=49449 How to cite How can I as a Nurse Change the Public Health System in the USA?, Essay examples

Favorite song free essay sample

A Dog Has Died My dog has died. I buried him in the garden next to a rusted old machine. Someday Ill join him right there, but now hes gone with his shaggy coat, his bad manners and his cold nose, and I, the materialist, who never believed in any promised heaven in the sky for any human being, I believe in a heaven Ill never enter. Yes, I believe in a heaven for all dogdom where my dog waits for my arrival waving his fan-like tail in friendship. Ai, Ill not speak of sadness here on earth, of having lost a companion who was never servile. His friendship for me, like that of a porcupine withholding its authority, was the friendship of a star, aloof, with no more intimacy than was called for, with no exaggerations: he never climbed all over my clothes filling me full of his hair or his mange, he never rubbed up against my knee like other dogs obsessed with sex. We will write a custom essay sample on Favorite song or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page No, my dog used to gaze at me, paying me the attention I need, the attention required to make a vain person like me understand that, being a dog, he was wasting time, but, with those eyes so much purer than mine, hed keep on gazing at me with a look that reserved for me alone all his sweet and shaggy life, always near me, never troubling me, and asking nothing. Ai, how many times have I envied his tail as we walked together on the shores of the sea in the lonely winter of Isla Negra where the wintering birds filled the sky and my hairy dog was jumping about full of the voltage of the seas movement: my wandering dog, sniffing away with his golden tail held high, face to face with the oceans spray. Joyful, joyful, joyful, as only dogs know how to be happy with only the autonomy of their shameless spirit. There are no good-byes for my dog who has died, and we dont now and never did lie to each other. So now hes gone and I buried him, and thats all there is to it. My Interpretation: Im an admirer for this one. This poem is an amazing expression of a relationship that was not bound by any threat. The death of dog, a reality for any living being, also unfolded some of the human realities of the poet. This poet had a wonderful relationship with his dog, even though there wasnt a lot of touching going on. They had a great deal of respect and a strong love for each other. There definitely was a spiritual connection. This is a very emotional poem especially in the beginning. Animals and people have relationships just like family. The animals love is a true one! Hence, no regrets even after death. Beautiful. Neruda has the brilliant art of making you feel where nothing has ever been felt. He defines what a poet is.

The effect of temperature on a squash ball Essay Example

The effect of temperature on a squash ball Paper I did a preliminary experiment to see if my method would work and if there were any problems with the way I will conduct my experiment. Preliminary Results Temperature (i C) Distanced Bounced (Cm) 90 81 40 68 0 20 Factors affecting my experiment If I use different squash balls of different elasticity it will affect the bounciness of the ball.   If I use different surfaces for the ball to bounce on, I may get different results because different surfaces absorb energy better than others.   If the temperature increases, then in theory the bounciness should increase. This is because the atoms have more energy so theyll move faster; theyll have more kinetic energy inside the ball. This creates more pressure making the ball harder and bouncier. I increase the height I drop the ball from, the gravitational potential energy increases. The ball will have more energy so the bounciness increases. This formula shows how to work out the amount of energy the ball has at each height: Gravitational Potential Energy=Mass x Gravitational Strength (10N) x Height   The older the ball is, the less elastic it is. Obtaining Evidence i Temperature of the ball Distanced Bounced (Cm) 1st Test 2nd Test 3rd Test Mean Rounded Mean have carried out my plan and have used my equipment precisely to observe and measure the rate of reaction to a good level of accuracy. I have taken a sufficient number of accurate results and have recorded them in a table. I dont need to repeat any readings as none of them look to be anomalous. I made no changes to my plan but carried out a preliminary to make sure I wouldnt have to make any changes half way through the experiment. I made sure I was wearing safety goggles while I was heating the water with a Bunsen burner to protect my eyes. I stood up throughout the experiment to lower the risk of injury. When I took the squash ball out of the beaker I used tongs so I didnt burn my hands. Analysing Evidence. We will write a custom essay sample on The effect of temperature on a squash ball specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The effect of temperature on a squash ball specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The effect of temperature on a squash ball specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Ive plotted my results onto a line graph and a clear pattern is seen. As the temperature of the ball is increased, the distance the ball bounces is also increased. The squash ball starts to bounce higher and higher after every 10 degrees, but towards the end the distance of the ball doesnt increase as much than the first few points on the graph. This can be shown by looking at the gradient at the beginning of the graph and at the end. At the beginning, the gradient is 1. 23, towards the end the gradient is 0. 44, this shows that its decreased which means theres less difference between the results towards the end. This means that after a while the ball isnt affected as much by temperature. In my investigation I found out that temperature does affect the bounciness of the squash ball, like I said in my prediction. I thought this would happen because as the temperature increases the pressure inside also increases making the ball harder and bouncier. The pressure increases because the atoms are moving around with more force and faster because they have more energy. My results back this up. I dont have any extreme anomalies but my second point on the graph is a bit anomalous. This could be or a number of reasons due to human error. For example I might not have seen the distance the ball bounced correctly, or I might have dropped the ball a little bit lower than the other times. Evaluation The evidence I obtained was good for the simplicity of my investigation. I think the way in which my investigation was carried out was effective but could have been more accurate. For example, I carried out all of it. If I used machines or computers it would have been a lot more accurate. If I had the equipment to this I would have a machine drop the squash ball from an exact point and use either or video camera or light motion sensor to get the exact measurement of the bounce. This would be a lot more accurate than my own eyesight. But saying that, my results were very accurate without machines and I can see this by how Ive plotted them on the graph. They were easily accurate enough to make a firm conclusion on that increasing the temperature increases the bounciness of the ball. There werent any results that didnt fit into the main pattern. I think this is because I took great care while carrying out the experiment. There are many other experiments I could do to extend the work Ive done. For example I could look at all the other factors that affect the bounciness which I mentioned in my plan. I think an interesting one would be to change the material the ball lands on, to see which material absorbs the most energy.

Essay Writing Prompts for College Students

Essay Writing Prompts for College Students Essay is the most popular type of written in-class and home-work assignments among college students. Sometimes, students are assigned to complete a few essays per week, what is certainly not the good news for those who have not yet mastered the art of essay writing. Nevertheless, by the final course of college, almost all students manage to gain the needed writing and critical thinking skills to complete essay writing tasks with diligence and on the decent level. The present article would give those students who are not yet perfect in essay writing a few general tips to improve their essay writing skills. First of all, students are to remember that it is the topic and the essay type which are to be defined in the very beginning. There are numerous essay types, such as persuasive, analytical, compare and contrast, descriptive essays and so on. There is even a larger scope of the various essay topics which might be covered by a college student’s essay. If the essay topic has not been specified by the tutor, then the whole burden of essay topic defining would be on the student’s shoulders. Be accurate with it – it should be not too broad and not too narrow, but acute and interesting to the audience and to you, in the first line. Another important stage of essay writing is searching for the information. Sure, there are essays in which the author is only demanded to express their personal attitude towards a phenomenon or opinion, show their subjective opinion and that is it. On the contrary, some essays need careful researching and surfing the available sources for the information he author would need. Thus, the facts to be presented within the future essay are to be carefully chosen and considered. One more point of attention when writing an essay is its careful structuring: there should obligatory be present such structural parts, as the introduction, the main body and the conclusion. Without those, your essay would never be highly graded. One more helpful tip in completing the essay of any topic and type is referring to a custom company writing academic papers. The writers employed by these companies are always savvy in essay writing, as well as in formatting and editing the already written content. This means that if you face difficulties composing the essay, you may rely on the company’s writing team. They could assist you with the essay topic or academic sources to be used within the content. The advanced writing, formatting, proofreading and critical thinking skills would be demonstrated by them when composing your essay, and you would be satisfied with the final result – with minimal efforts and expenses from your side. Contact our website and enjoy essay writing help provided by our experienced academic experts who are always available to help students.

Students Self-Evaluation In Ball Games Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 19000 words

Students Self-Evaluation In Ball Games - Thesis Example The research used positivistic approach and quantitative survey method using a close ended email questionnaire to collect information from 1458 students from secondary schools across Norway. The research used SPSS and descriptive analysis method to arrive at the research findings. It was found that female students’ tend to rate their performance on the lower side while majority of boys rate themselves as above average. Grades on physical education were found to have a negative relationship with the self-rated performance on ball games, implying that there is a need to realign student’s perceptions about standards of appraisal used by schools. Activity level (as measured by amount of time spent on activities like dance, walking, and any other exercise) was found to positively impact on performance of students. Parental education, measured by the education of mothers, was also found to positively affect performance. It was also found that students from an immigrant backgr ound did not rate themselves as good on the ball games and the findings imply a lack of cohesion or cultural fit that may be alienating the socio-culturally diverse students from participating in tea sports. The research therefore provides unique insights about factors impacting on participation and performance on ball games; which could lead to useful inputs for improving the morale and interest of Norway students to participate in physical education.... nts’ education level 2.6 Self-perception 2.7 Immigrant background 2.7 Conclusions Chapter 3: Research Methodology 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Research Approach 3.3 Research Methods 3.4 Research Design 3.5 Research Validity and Reliability 3.6 Ethical Considerations 3.7 Conclusions Chapter 4: Findings 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Research Findings 4.2.1 Performance on Ball Games and Gender 4.2.1.1 Performance on Volleyball and Gender 4.2.1.2 Performance on Basketball and Gender 4.2.1.3 Performance on Floorball and Gender 4.2.1.4 Performance on Handball and Gender 4.2.1.5 Performance on Football and Gender 4.2.2 Performance on Ball Games and Grades 4.2.2.1 Performance on Volleyball and Grades 4.2.2.2 Performance on Basketball and Grades 4.2.2.3 Performance on Floorball and Grades 4.2.2.4 Performance on Handball and Grades 4.2.2.5 Performance on Football and Grades 4.2.3 Performance on Ball Games and Activity Level 4.2.3.1 Performance on Volleyball and Activity Level 4.2.3.2 Performance on Bask etball and Activity Level 4.2.3.3 Performance on Floorball and Activity Level 4.2.3.4 Performance on Handball and Activity Level 4.2.3.5 Performance on Football and Activity Level 4.2.4 Performance on Ball Games and Parental Education 4.2.4.1 Performance on Volleyball and Parental Education 4.2.4.1 Performance on Basketball and Parental Education 4.2.4.2 Performance on Floorball and Parental Education 4.2.4.3 Performance on Handball and Parental Education 4.2.4.4 Performance on Football and Parental Education 4.2.5 Performance on Ball Games and Self-Esteem 4.2.5.1 Performance on Volleyball and Self-Esteem 4.2.5.2 Performance on Basketball and Self-Esteem 4.2.5.3 Performance on Floorball and Self-Esteem 4.2.5.4 Performance on Handball and Self-Esteem 4.2.5.5 Performance on Football and

Cango Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Cango - Essay Example With respect to the firm CanGo, it should be noted that the firm is aware of what industries it seeks to expand in; in addition to what industries they want to continue to remain a viable competitor. Therefore, if the firm is able to increase its sales numbers, the researchers within CanGo will find it necessary to conduct in depth analyses as a means of determining the best approach that should be made. With this accomplished, the research division, as well as the remainder of the firm, will have a means of understanding which markets are the most appealing, which require too high a level of investment, and which should be immediately engaged with. In this manner, Evolve Professional Business Consulting, has set out a baseline criteria through which CanGo should effectively research the options that are presented to them and make informed decisions based upon them. One of the most important steps that should be taken before the research itself is conducted is the question of who CanGo wishes to appeal to/sell to. Although this is something of a simplistic step, it is absolutely integral if the firm wishes to approach the research from an informed and effective standpoint. Far too many firms overlook this aspect of preliminary inquiry and set off to perform further research with incorrect assumptions that ultimately serve in misguiding the information that they are able to retrieve. Additionally, CanGo also should consider performing research for current and future sales; as a means of determining what movements in consumer markets are likely to impact the firm within the coming months and years. Market size is another fundamental aspect of business strategy and review of performance and projected business engagement that is essential in performing effective planning. As such, by identifying the target market, CanGo will be effectively able to seek to meet consumer needs within the current time frame; as well as in the near

A Marketing Analysis Of Air Asia Marketing Essay

A Marketing Analysis Of Air Asia Marketing Essay In order to make sure that the slogan of Now Everyone Can Fly, Airasia had launched Low Fare Campaign in order to attract the customers to fly with a low fare. The objectives of this campaign are to offer low fares to customer to travel and offer discounts to the public in order to encourage more people to fly with Airasia. Moreover, this will lead to new market entry of first-time user. (Thestar, 2007) 2.0 Airasia Market analysis 2.1 PESTEL analysis Political Factor Airasia airline had planned to build a new single-runway airport in Labu, Negeri Sembilan with the Sime Darby in 2009 and been approved by the government. However, the plan has been cancelled due to the Stated-owned Malaysia Airports had tried to stop to build the new terminal and disagreement with former Prime Minister, Tun Mahathir. (Flightglobal, 2009) Economic Factor In 2010, Malaysia Government had introduced one government policy which is 10 Malaysia Plan to the public in order to unleash the growth of economic. The Airport development is one of the plans as Malaysia Government expects the passengers amount will increase to 62 million in 2015. A new low cost terminal will be built by the in Kuala Lumpur International Airport for Airasia and has larger terminal. (Midfresearch, 2010) Social Cultural Factor Malaysia is the country which has 3 ethnics and the cultures are unique. Airasia believes that the communities are expecting that the airline can treat every ethnic equally. In order to do that, Airasia is practicing the meritocracy culture whereby the employees hired not based on the age and ethnic. (Airasia, 2009) Technological Factor Airasia has implemented information technology in running the operations of the airline to save the costs. The information technologies that implemented are yield management system and computer reservation system. The systems can help the airline to save the costs by recording on revenue and transactions in daily operations. (Management of Technology, 2009) Environmental Factor Airasia has invested in the latest technology and full utilization of the aircraft in protecting the environment and A320 airbus which is more efficient to operate and more save fuel is used. Airasia ticketless system and near paperless office are the strategies to cut down the waste of paper. (Airasia, 2009) Legal Factor In order to operate in Malaysia, Airasia must apply the Air Service License from the Malaysia Civil Aviation. The regulations such as Civil Aviation Act 1969 and Aviation Offences Act 1984 must be followed. (Airasia, 2004) 2.2 SWOT analysis Strength Analysis Low Cost Carrier business model is one of the strength of Airasia in order to compete in the airline industry. The second is Airasia has a very strong relationship with the government and the airline industry leaders. The third is well established of brand name in Asia Pacific. (Management of Technology, 2009) Weakness Analysis The Airasia main weakness is the airline more reliable on the out sourcing workforce. The other weaknesses are the service resource is limited and the airline is receiving many complaints on the no-refundable of the ticket canceled and the delay of flight. (Management of Technology, 2009) Opportunity Analysis The first opportunity is the ever-increasing oil price which enables Airasia to compete with other low cost airline. (Management of Technology, 2009). ASEAN Open Skies agreement that achieved which is allows Airasia to run unlimited flights among ASEANS regional is also an opportunity. (Wong, 2009) Threat Analysis The first threat is the services rates (airport departure, security charges) are controlled by the airline. The other threats are other entrance of low cost airline and the operation cost is increase due to the services that added. (Wong, 2009) 2.3Trend and Current Position 2.3.1 Airasia Trend In 2009, the low-cost carrier airline that established well had proved that has sufficient power to operate across the region in different market and economic. Airasia airline is the fast-growing and profit earning steadily airline which had increased the profit for the past. Airasia is also able to grow the market share in the Southeast Asia and had introduced the low-cost long-haul carrier whereby can offering the passenger cheaper fare. Airasia has started to have partnership with other low cost airline to reduce the airline operation costs such as ground-handling services. (Flightglobal, 2010) 2.3.2 Airasia and Competitors Current Position In Malaysia, the main competitor of Airasia is the Malaysia Airline System (MAS) which is Malaysias National Airline. In order to compete with Airasia, MAS had launched the first low cost airline which is Firefly. The airline is the test-bed in running low-cost operation. In March 2007, Malaysia Airline System had launched the first community and low cost airline which is Firefly to compete with other low cost airline. The Firefly airline is the test-bed of Malaysia Airline System in running the low-cost operation instead to test for new market segmentation and the Malaysia Airline System will adapt and expand it into national carrier if the operation of Firefly is proven success and gain stability. (Datamonitor, 2008). Due to the existing of new competitor, Airasia Malaysia has two competitors in Malaysia. However, the prices of airline ticket in Airasia is the main advantage and able to maintain current position as low-cost carrier. Particular Malaysia Airline Airasia Firefly Airfare Non RM15 RM130 Service Charge RM9 Non Non Surcharge RM76 RM47.50 RM51 Total RM85 RM62.50 RM181 (Prices Comparison for one person one way ticket to Pulau Langkawi during promotion) (Reference: Amdtaufik, 2008) 3.0 Objective 3.1 Corporate Objective The first objective of Airasia is to become the largest low cost airline organization in Asia by provide services to 3 billion people. Second objective is to attain with the lowest cost and lead to everyone can fly. The third objective is to maintain the product quality and reduce the costs. 3.2 Communication and Marketing Objectives The first communication objective of Airasia is to promote the organization, services and products through the effective communication program to the customers. The second objective is to make sure that there is a communication relationship between the Airasia and the customers and the relationship can be strengthen through the campaign awareness and brand reputation. The third objective is to expand the communication and media strategy in order to create brand or product awareness to the customers in order to achieve the organization goal. The last communication objective is to maintain the good relationship with the customers and keep updating customers with organization informations. (JobDB, 2011) 4.0 Marketing Communication Tool Low Fare Campaign 4.1Advertising In order to communicate with the target audience, Airasia is using advertising as a tool in introducing the products and services. One of the important advertising media that frequently used is the social media. The advantages of using social media are the internet enable the interactive capabilities, high selectivity by the users and the cost is low. In Airasia, the organization strongly agrees that social media is playing an important role in order for the organization to do advertising and build a consumer group that contributing trust to brand and value. Nowadays, the internet had made the people able to connect with the whole world people easily and more time is spending for online. By using social media, the messages of the products and services can be reaching out and able to share out the content of message effectively. Besides that, the social media is able to provide a channel of communication for the organization to run the activity such as low fare promotions, new product launching and news announcement. Moreover, the social media able to create a communication platform for the Airasia to connect with the people and enable the people to have more understanding on the organization. (Airasia,2009) Airasia had started the corporate blog (www.blog.airasia.com) in 2008 and Facebook (www.facebook.com/AirAsia) in 2009. The effectiveness and efficiencies of the social media enable Airasia to reach the number of fans and creating a strong relation community. For the community, they are able to get the latest information about the campaign that launched by Airasia through the social media. (Airasia, 2011) Another method of Airasia to run the advertising is using the Airspace advertising whereby the unique and effective way of advertising can be done to reach all the customers who take the flight. With the new approach of advertising and more cost saving, the messages can be reaching to large coverage of passengers.   This allows the messages of the campaign directly communicate with the passenger and can across effectively whether on the ground or in the sky. The advertisements of the campaign can be placed in the auto boarding pass, the information counter, sales office and on the passengers seats. (Airasia, 2010) Besides that, Airasia use newspaper as advertising media. By using the newspaper, the messages of the campaign can be more flexible to access to the different coverage of markets and the target audiences are different. The newspaper medias that used by Airasia in Malaysia are Star, Sin Chew Daily, China Press, Berita Harian and others. (Lee and Johnson, 2005) 4.2 Direct marketing Direct marketing is an interactive system that can helps the organization to personalized communications between them and the customers. With the help of computer and internet development nowadays, the organization is able to run two way communications for their products and services. (Lee and Johnson, 2005) In order to increase the awareness of the organization to the customers, Airasia is using direct marketing in order to encourage the interactions between organizations and allow users to be more understanding on the brand. One of the direct marketing tool that used by Airasia is the Yahoo Mobile. Airasia is promoting and sending the messages to the customers by using other website. Airasia has corporate with Yahoo Mobile whereby the organization allows Airasia mobile website to put the banner advertisement on the Yahoo mobile homepage, yahoo mail and yahoo search. The mobile users just need to access to the Yahoo Mobile and click to the Airasia banner, the link will automatically connect to the Airasia Website. By this, the customers can book the flight tickets, checking the ticket booking status and access to the promoting campaign. These services and information assessment through mobile technology has lead to the increasing in awareness of the organization and campaign promotion. Moreover, this direct marketing method had lead to the good responses from the users whereby the total click to the website is 108,405 clicks and the rate is 1.78 percent after 28days launching. (Mobilemarketer, 2009) 4.3 Public Relation There are many activities that can be carried by the public relation in order to communicate to the related party. In Airasia, one of the activities that carried out by the Public Relation is the Corporate Social Responsibility. The features in this concept are the organization shares the values and joyfulness in with the related parties. Airasia is celebrating the times of joy with the communities, practicing the communities value and traditions and delivering cares to them. There are few area that focused by the Airasia in caring out this activity. The first area is the organization work place. Airasia is practicing the meritocracy culture and the employees are hired due to their performance and ability. The elements like gender, creed, age and ethic are not considered in the hiring process. By practicing the meritocracy culture, Airasia believe that they can strive to exceed the communitys high expectation and provides equally treatment to all the communities. The second area that focused is helping the communities to pass the hard time. There was an earthquake happened in 2009 and had shocked many communities in Indonesia. At that moment, the Airasia decided to lend a hand and running the charity flight to help the victims to go out from that place. Moreover, the Airasia in Malaysia is also helping out in providing the cargo space to deliver the goods for the victims. Airasia always help the victims of disaster and providing joyfulness and hope to them. The last area that focused is minimizing the environment impact in creating greener environment. The first thing Airasia do is promoting the recycle concept to the work place environment and encourage paperless system office to be run. Moreover, self service check-in options is encouraged by the organization in order to helps in reduce the need for expensive airport infrastructure. The efficient and simple ground environment is the main policy in protecting the environment. (Airasia, 2009) 5.0 Airasia Marketing Strategies 5.1 Pull and Profile Strategy Airasia is using the Pull Strategy to deliver the low fare campaign information directly to the end-user customers. The purposes of the messages delivered are to increase the campaign awareness, encourage the customers involvement and to influence the customer perception. By these, the customer behavior and perception may be changed and lead to the purchasing of the products. Moreover, Airasia use this strategy to encourage and attract the customers to purchase airline through the website channel. For Airasia to complete and deliver the pull strategy, the method that use can be deliver the message through the social media or website by offering the low fare promotion to the customers. (Fill , 2006) Airasia is using the Profile Strategy which is using different messages in target all the stakeholders that related. The stakeholders of Airasia are customers, employees, regulators and the local communities. This strategy is including the pull selling which is requires high promoting to attract the customers and push strategy which is forces from the organization to increase the customer demand. By using this strategy through different marketing communication tools to deliver different message, Airasia is able to build up the awareness of the low fare campaign and the perception of communities toward the campaign. (Fill , 2006) 5.2 Unique Selling Propositions In order to be unique selling proposition, the strategy that used by Airasia is low cost carrier and has come out the vision of in becoming the largest low cost airline in Asia and makes the dream of average income people to fly happens. The slogan that implement for the strategy is Now Everyone Can Fly whereby the tickets prices are lower. To become differently from others airline, Airasia has implementing few strategies in order to make sure that the low fare model is possible to run. The first strategy that Airasia apply is the Safety First strategy on the maintenance of the airplane. The organization is follow the others world airline operation safety strategy and partnering with the worlds recognize repairing and maintenance manufacturer. The second strategy is the High Aircraft Utilization where the Airasia implementing the fastest turnover time in make sure the cost can be lower and productivity is high.   The third strategy is low fare and no frill whereby providing the services without promises on the quality. The last strategy is providing more different distribution channels such as Airasia Mobile and booking website for the customers to check the booking and the flight schedule informations. (Airasia, 2010) 6.0 Airasia Communication Campaign Cost Outline Cost 2008 2009 Revenue RM 2,81,526,000 RM3,072,049,000 Marketing Communication Campaign Cost (Avdertising, Direct Maketing and Public Relation) RM 5,630,520 RM 61440980 (Reference: Airasia, 2009) Airasia is using 2% of the yearly avenue to invest in the marketing communication campaign in order to create awareness of products and services among the communities. (Low, 2010) The costs that spend for 2008 are RM 5,630,520 and RM 61440980 for 2009. 7.0 Methods of measuring the effectiveness of the marketing communication There are few methods that Airasia can use to measure the effectiveness of the marketing communication in the Zero Fare Campaign. The first method is the Pre-Testing whereby the marketing communication concept, targeting group and behaviour are pre-test before the launching of campaign. This test can be done by the qualitative and quantitative method which is giving out survey forms and collect opinions. The second method is Post-Testing whereby the effectiveness of marketing communication is evaluated after the campaign launching. Airasia can use the behavioural test to measures the responses and perception of consumer on the marketing communication after Zero Fare campaign was launched. Moreover, Airasia can also use the sales test which is the measures on the sales and then will get result on the marketing communication effectiveness. The third method is Tracking Studies which is the study is involves the collection data of the consumer perception toward the campaign. Airasia can use the interview method to collect the data of consumer perception on the marketing communication of the campaign and what message that gets from the campaign. By this, the organization is able to more understand on the consumer perception and a good record for future marketing communication plan. The fourth method is Likeability test which is testing the level of consumer enjoyment on the marketing communication of the campaign. The result will lead to the sales result and the consumer satisfaction result. (Fill, 2006) Total word count: 2986 words

Narrative Story

The first-person narrative is a literary technique wherein a story is narrated explicitly by one or more of the characters, who refers to himself or herself in the first person as â€Å"I†. As the narrator express his/her own feelings, thoughts, and experiences, the narrator’s character is revealed and the reader easily gains insight to the character. It also suspends information from the reader, and therefore widely used and effective to suspense and detective fiction. My Job Experience I woke up with a loud ringing near my head. A few days back, or   years to be exact, I would have easily put it off and dose back again on my soft pillows. Ahh, but this day was different. It’s my first day in my first job ever. I could hear my head pounding. I never needed the alarm clock in the first place anyway, since I hardly slept last night. I’ve always seen myself as a ‘cool guy’ but the butterlies in my stomach speaks much differently about me, though. I headed for the shower and felt the water slap me from my semi-half-awake half-asleep state. Breakfast! But where are my stockings? Though contrary to real day-today experience, I wish mom was here. Well, better get off now or I might miss the bus.   I surely want to make a good first impression and hope this   will   carry me all the way to promotions. I can hardly wait   right now to experience the   sweet smell of success! I stopped myself as I saw a man staring at me. Daydreaming may have been written all over my face. Secretly, I pinched myself for making a fool of   me. As I came inside the building,   I headed for the shop to which I was assigned.   Across the shop, Darlene Shepherd subtly nodded at me,   acknowledging approval of my early arrival.   She was the one who chose me as a shop steward.   Of course, I wanted to prove my worth. I love the dignity of work, but best of all, I love to walk around the corner and shop just a liiiitle bit of little-bitty things. My first day in my first job closed shopped with less adventure than I expected. This routine, except for the case of the missing stockings, went on for some time. Until   last April, I saw my coworker named Daniels crying. Apparently, she was reprimanded. I came near her. At first it felt awkward hugging her a bit ( we hardly knew each other except for our first names). But when I did, her tears fell all the more, and I was completely taken over by her concern   It was mid-afternoon, she said when her legs became awfully painful trying to stand all day. As the pain became almost unbearable, she tried to sit on one of the chairs placed near the customer’s area. Though shoppers were becoming fewer by the moment,   Mr. Jarvis (our head supervisor) came in just as she sat down on the couch.   Think about perfect wrong- timing indeed!   I could understand where Mr. Jarvis is coming from, since it did look the way it should’nt look. But termination?   I tried to calm myself down. Being angry might give me my fifteen minutes of victory but it could   defeat my career-history.   I brought the case to higher management. I carefully chose and weighed my words and to my amazement†¦ they listened and relented. From then on my co-workers would start looking for me to speak for them whenever they have concerns that they feel   uneasy to face with the supervisor or manager. I found myself getting more and more involved in my co-employees’ work-related concerns.   I have learned to listen and empathize with them, without getting emotionally involved myself whenever the outcome turns out unfavorable. I never did   saw myself before as what I am becoming right now. Lately, we’ve been involved in community outreach to feed the homeless. It’s a pretty sight to see big-muscled Jack teaching math to 5 year- old Sam. I’ve seen how generous below-middle class workers could be with their spare time. I thought plenty spells generosity, but my co-workers proved them wrong.   Before we started this project, I honestly had some   doubts as to its success and sustainability. Before, it was just us, me and the union.   I believe in the union’s contribution to the betterment of the worker’s welfare. And yet, the more we ask, the more we see things to complain about. There seems to be no end on what to grudge about. Of course, as we go along   helping the needy, there would be more things to sort out, too. And more things to improve on.   Yeah, life as a shop steward does have its many rewards. Shopping? Maybe. For now I see my storehouse rich with life’s lessons — being my brother’s keeper (whether one is rich or not-so-rich), standing up for what is just and striving   for equality. As we wrap our things and clean up the mess   after the feeding program,   all around me, I see tired happy faces. Tired, but happy. Reference: 1.  Ã‚   â€Å"First-Person Narrative†. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia    Narrative Story The first-person narrative is a literary technique wherein a story is narrated explicitly by one or more of the characters, who refers to himself or herself in the first person as â€Å"I†. As the narrator express his/her own feelings, thoughts, and experiences, the narrator’s character is revealed and the reader easily gains insight to the character. It also suspends information from the reader, and therefore widely used and effective to suspense and detective fiction. My Job Experience I woke up with a loud ringing near my head. A few days back, or   years to be exact, I would have easily put it off and dose back again on my soft pillows. Ahh, but this day was different. It’s my first day in my first job ever. I could hear my head pounding. I never needed the alarm clock in the first place anyway, since I hardly slept last night. I’ve always seen myself as a ‘cool guy’ but the butterlies in my stomach speaks much differently about me, though. I headed for the shower and felt the water slap me from my semi-half-awake half-asleep state. Breakfast! But where are my stockings? Though contrary to real day-today experience, I wish mom was here. Well, better get off now or I might miss the bus.   I surely want to make a good first impression and hope this   will   carry me all the way to promotions. I can hardly wait   right now to experience the   sweet smell of success! I stopped myself as I saw a man staring at me. Daydreaming may have been written all over my face. Secretly, I pinched myself for making a fool of   me. As I came inside the building,   I headed for the shop to which I was assigned.   Across the shop, Darlene Shepherd subtly nodded at me,   acknowledging approval of my early arrival.   She was the one who chose me as a shop steward.   Of course, I wanted to prove my worth. I love the dignity of work, but best of all, I love to walk around the corner and shop just a liiiitle bit of little-bitty things. My first day in my first job closed shopped with less adventure than I expected. This routine, except for the case of the missing stockings, went on for some time. Until   last April, I saw my coworker named Daniels crying. Apparently, she was reprimanded. I came near her. At first it felt awkward hugging her a bit ( we hardly knew each other except for our first names). But when I did, her tears fell all the more, and I was completely taken over by her concern   It was mid-afternoon, she said when her legs became awfully painful trying to stand all day. As the pain became almost unbearable, she tried to sit on one of the chairs placed near the customer’s area. Though shoppers were becoming fewer by the moment,   Mr. Jarvis (our head supervisor) came in just as she sat down on the couch.   Think about perfect wrong- timing indeed!   I could understand where Mr. Jarvis is coming from, since it did look the way it should’nt look. But termination?   I tried to calm myself down. Being angry might give me my fifteen minutes of victory but it could   defeat my career-history.   I brought the case to higher management. I carefully chose and weighed my words and to my amazement†¦ they listened and relented. From then on my co-workers would start looking for me to speak for them whenever they have concerns that they feel   uneasy to face with the supervisor or manager. I found myself getting more and more involved in my co-employees’ work-related concerns.   I have learned to listen and empathize with them, without getting emotionally involved myself whenever the outcome turns out unfavorable. I never did   saw myself before as what I am becoming right now. Lately, we’ve been involved in community outreach to feed the homeless. It’s a pretty sight to see big-muscled Jack teaching math to 5 year- old Sam. I’ve seen how generous below-middle class workers could be with their spare time. I thought plenty spells generosity, but my co-workers proved them wrong.   Before we started this project, I honestly had some   doubts as to its success and sustainability. Before, it was just us, me and the union.   I believe in the union’s contribution to the betterment of the worker’s welfare. And yet, the more we ask, the more we see things to complain about. There seems to be no end on what to grudge about. Of course, as we go along   helping the needy, there would be more things to sort out, too. And more things to improve on.   Yeah, life as a shop steward does have its many rewards. Shopping? Maybe. For now I see my storehouse rich with life’s lessons — being my brother’s keeper (whether one is rich or not-so-rich), standing up for what is just and striving   for equality. As we wrap our things and clean up the mess   after the feeding program,   all around me, I see tired happy faces. Tired, but happy. Reference: 1.  Ã‚   â€Å"First-Person Narrative†. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia   

A Kiss Before Dying- Summary and Analysis

A Kiss before Dying A Kiss before Dying  is a novel written in 1953 by  Ira Levin. It won the Edgar Award in 1954, for Best First Novel. The book was adapted twice for the cinema: first in  1956  and later in  1991. This novel summary is: Bud and Dorothy is a couple who in love happily with each other. They study at Stoddard College in Blue River. They belong together and one day Dorothy is pregnant. That is really bad time for them to have a baby this time, especially for Bud; the Bud’s future plan or dream will be uncompleted. Dorothy wants to get married: Bud doesn’t want.That means he must to leave the college and to struggle in real life and earn to family. Bud tries to persuade Dorothy to take some pills to eliminate the baby, and tells Dorothy if the pills don’t work, he will marry her. Dorothy tries the pills: they don’t work at all. Bud feel really worry because of Dorothy’s pregnancy; he may not get the good education he wants, t he proper jobs he wants or he will get a poorer paid jobs. He decides he needs to kill her, Dorothy! Bud plans to kill Dorothy really carefully, and prepared what need to be prepared.But his plans fails, and he starts to get more and more desperate, since the wedding day approaches in a hurry. He tries to set everything like the Dorothy’s ‘suicide. ’ On the wedding day, on the top of the building where the Marriage Bureau is, He pushes Dorothy off the edge, and it all looks like her suicide. After murder, Bud moves to Caldwell College. Bud and Ellen becomes lover and Ellen is Dorothy’s elder sister. Ellen goes to Blue River because of Dorothy’s suicide; she really wonders about her younger sister’s suicide.She wants to know obviously what really happened. She writes Bud a letter to explain the case. In Blue River, she narrows it down to two doubts which she will know later is innocent. Ellen gets to know one of the suspects that is Dwight Pow ell. He and Dorothy go out together, and one time she follows him home. He goes upstairs to get something and Bud is waiting for him upstairs. Bud kills Powell by shooting him with cold blood. Ellen leaps up the stairs and Bud tells Dorothy Powell tried to kill her. In Dorothy’s understanding that time, Bud is the hero.Later the same night she is dead. In the same year, he goes back home. He thinks about to kill the third daughter of Leo Kingship, Marion. In the other hand, he will gain the great benefits if he has Leo Kingship as a father-in-law. He moves to New York to know Marion. In a short time, she falls in love with him, because he knew everything about her surprisingly, and he wrote down a list of things about her. Suddenly, Gordon Gant appears in New York. Bud tells about his plans to Leo Kingship, but Gant doesn’t want to listen to Bud.But Bud changes his mind about hearing when Gant finds the list of things Bud wrote. One day, Bud went with Lei and Marion an d Gant to Leo Kingships Copperworks. They take a tour around the company. After that, Gant try to encounter Bud with the murder on Dorothy and Ellen: Bud rejects every accusing. They are threatening him by trying to push him near the copper smelter. At the final, he admits all and he falls into the smelter carelessly. The tragedy is here at the Leo Kingships Copperworks. The theme analysis A Kiss before DyingThe theme of the story is about betrayal and detective. The murderer, who is Bud, tries to love each other with the ladies who are the Leo Kingship’s daughters. He wants to gain benefits from their father because they are rich. When they fall in love, he betrays the ladies; he kills Dorothy because she got pregnancy all at once. He is afraid if he doesn’t kill her, his future life will fall apart: he needs to leave the college, to find the job, or to work hard to treat her and the baby. He also betrays Ellen by to kill her because she saw he shot Powell in the buil ding.Ellen knows the secret, so she deserves death. Bud is good at investigating; he knows everything about his ladies by finding out the personal data. In the story, he tries to think how to do the trick on writing message by other person. In addition, Marion is better at investigating. She firstly wonders about her younger sister’s death and she try to find out. At last, she knows everything about the death that is not a suicide: it is the murder. The kingships try to investigate and they get it at last. The Style analysis A Kiss before DyingThis novel, A kiss before Dying, is written by using easy and modern language style with dialogue, which makes the readers busy and interested. The readers can understand easily the story and the language can capture the readers’ mind because it is modern. The novel is divided into three parts called  Dorothy,  Ellen  and  Marion, which are divided into chapters from 1 to 15 in each part. The author uses personal narratio n to narrate the whole story. The perspective is alternated between different characters. The author sets some interested detective scenes in the novel, also thriller scenes in each part.And there is none of the gratuitous violence and gory detail that readers expect from thrillers novel. Personal Response A Kiss before Dying Firstly, I need to read this novel in the class and I start to read it with the lukewarmness because it is pretty thick book. When I read it for four to five pages of book, I feel it is a bit fun. So, I continue read it all. In the story, I really sympathize Dorothy and the baby because they are killed pitifully. They didn’t do anything wrong, especially the baby; the baby does nothing.In my understanding, Marion is really clever; she investigates and tries to find the truth and she got it at the final. Bud is heartless, he kills the innocent. I strongly like this writing style of this novel: it is divided in many parts many chapters. The can read only o ne or two chapters and pause and do other thing and I can back to read again. The thrillers make me fun and scared sometimes. I feel pity for the Kingships. The Kingships daughters were killed. And Bud deserves falling into the smelter because he did many really bad things to other. Glossy Word dapted – changed in order to improve or made more fit for a particular purpose couple –   a pair who associate with one another pregnant – carrying developing offspring within the body or being about to produce new life struggle – an energetic attempt to achieve something persuade – cause somebody to adopt a certain position, belief, or course of action twist somebody's arm eliminate – terminate, end, or take out suicide – a person who kills himself intentionally smelter – an industrial plant for smelting tragedy – an event resulting in great loss and misfortune

Why Capitalism Is Bad - 788 Words

Why Argue Capitalist Values? The main goal of capitalism is to create profit. Capitalism values private ownership of property and discourages government intervention in the economy. Cultural misconceptions have suggested that capitalism is bad because it has lead to a large separation of wealth from the wealthiest individuals in a nation. The separation of wealth is not a misconception but I believe that blaming capitalism and wealthy individuals for societies economic woes are. I also do not believe that socialism is a bad thing either. I believe that both capitalism and socialism have a place amongst our society however I would lean towards capitalism because of an emphasis on utilizing resources to create more consumer goods where as socialism emphasizes evenly distributing resources. The government cannot detect consumer preferences, shortages, and surpluses accurately and cannot efficiently co-ordinate production. 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